Alkenes & Polymers quiz

1. Explain how crude oil is separated into fractions

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Question 1 of 29

2. Explain why cracking is an important process in the oil industry

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus short chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in less demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus short chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in greater demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus long chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in greater demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Cracking converts long chain hydrocarbons into short chain hydrocarbons. Crude oil contains a surplus long chains. Shorter chain hydrocarbons are in less demand, e.g. petrol. Cracking also produces alkenes which are used in making polymers and ethanol.

Question 2 of 29

3. Describe the trend in viscosity of the main fractions in crude oil

Viscosity increases as the number of carbon atoms (chain length) decreases

Viscosity increases as the number of carbon atoms (chain length) increases

Viscosity increases as boiling point decreases

Viscosity increases as boiling point increases

Question 3 of 29

4. Name this molecule

butane

pentane

propane

pent-1-ene

Question 4 of 29

5. Why does incomplete combustion occur?

When there is an insufficient supply of water

When there is an insufficient supply of oxygen for complete combustion

When there is reduced fuel avaliable

When the fuel is wet

Question 5 of 29

6. Recall a use of diesel

Surfacing roads

Fuel for lorries

Fuel for cars

Fuel for ships

Question 6 of 29

7.

A student has been asked to draw all the alkene isomers of C₄H₁₀ and draws the following. Which of the following statements about the student's diagram is correct?

The student is wrong. There is another isomer called 1,2-dimethylethane.

The student is wrong. The molecule on the right is just normal butane. Bending the end round doesn't change that.

The student is correct and deserves a tuck-shop voucher.

The student is wrong because she makes no reference to the numbers of protons and neutrons in the molecules.

Question 7 of 29

8. What is the name of this molecule?

prop-1-ene

but-1-ene

but-2-ene

pent-2-ene

Question 8 of 29

9. Write the chemical equation for the reaction between methane and bromine

CH₄ + Br₂ → CH₃Br +HBr

C₂H₆ + Br₂ → C₂H₄Br₂ +H₂

CH₄ + Br₂ → CH₂Br₂ +H₂

C₂H₆ + Br₂ → C₂H₅Br +HBr

Question 9 of 29

10. What is a substitution reaction?

A reaction where a double bond breaks to form a long chain of molecules

A reaction where an atom or group of atoms is replaced by a different atom or group of atoms

A reaction where an atoms of a group of atoms is removed from a molecule

A reaction where an atom or group of atoms is added to a molecule

Question 10 of 29

11. When bromine is added, what happens to an alkene?

The sample turns from brown to orange.

The sample turns from colourless to orange.

The sample turns from orange to colourless.

Nothing (the sample remains orange)

Question 11 of 29

12. This diagram shows one repeat unit of a polymer. Name the monomer used to make this polymer.

pent-4-ene

polypentene

pent-2-ene

pent-1-ene

Question 12 of 29

13. Recall all the possible products of the incomplete combustion of alkanes

Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water

Carbon dioxide and water

Carbon, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and water

Hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water

Question 13 of 29

14. What is the problem with burning addition polymers to dispose of them?

They explode when burnt

They are not flammable

They are non-biodegradable

They produce toxic gases when burned.

Question 14 of 29

15. Of which homologous series is >C=C< (a carbon-to-carbon double bond) the functional group?

Alkanes

Alkenes

Alcohols

Hydrocarbons

Question 15 of 29

16. What is a fuel?

A fuel is a liquid used in electrolysis

A fuel is a substance that contains chemical energy

A fuel is a substance that is used to power vehicles

A fuel is a substance that, when burned, releases heat energy

Question 16 of 29

17. State the conditions for the cracking of hydrocarbons

Aluminium oxide catalyst heated to 600°C

Manganese oxide catalyst heated to 200°C

Aluminium oxide catalyst heated to 200°C

Manganese oxide catalyst heated to 600°C

Question 17 of 29

18. A pupil has tried to write down various ways of representing ethane using: molecular formula, displayed formula, general formula, empirical formula and stuctural formula. However she has missed one out. Which one?

molecular formula

general formula

structural formula

empirical formula

Question 18 of 29

19. Bromine is added to a sample of an alkane and also to a sample of an alkene. Describe the result of each.

With the alkane, no change (stays orange). With the alkene, changes from orange to colourless

With the alkane, changes from colourless to orange. With the alkene, no change (stays colourless)

With the alkane, no change (stays colourless). With the alkene, changes from colourless to orange

With the alkane, changes from orange to colourless. With the alkene, no change (stays orange)

Question 19 of 29

20. Explain what a monomer is

Monomers are the small molecules released in a polymerisation reaction

Monomers are the many small molecules (such as ethene) which add together to make a polymer

Monomers are the long chain molecules produced in a polymerisation reaction

Monomers are the products of cracking long chain alkanes

Question 20 of 29

21. Explain the term unsaturated

A molecule containing a carbon-carbon double or triple bond

A compound that is a liquid at room temperature

A poisonous molecule

A molecule containing only single bonds

Question 21 of 29

22. What are isomers?

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Compounds with the same empirical formula but different molecular formulas

Molecules with the same molecular formula but with a different structure

Solutions with the same ratio of ions but different concentrations

Question 22 of 29

23. Explain the term hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon is an organic molecule

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is in a homologous series

A hydrocarbon is a molecule containing only hydrogen and carbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that comes from crude oil

Question 23 of 29

24. State the general formula of alkanes

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

CₙHₙ₊₁

C₂ₙH₂ₙ₊₂

CₙH₂ₙ

Question 24 of 29

25. What is crude oil?

A mixture of alcohols

An oily liquid

A mixture of hydrocarbons

A mixture of alkanes

Question 25 of 29

26. What is the molecular formula for ethane?

C₂H₄

C₂H₆

C₃H₈

C₄H₈

Question 26 of 29

27. State the general formula for alkenes

CₙH₂ₙ

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

CₙHₙ₊₁

CₙHₙ

Question 27 of 29

28. What does the following diagram represent?

Propene

One repeat unit of polypropene

The formation of the polymer polypropene from the monomer propene

The polymer polypropene

Question 28 of 29

29. Why are alkanes classified as saturated hydrocarbons?

They are usually solids at room temperature

They contain only single bonds

They are toxic substances

They do not react easily

Question 29 of 29

Alkenes & Polymers quiz

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