1. In the dot and cross diagram of the outer electrons showing the covalent bonding in a molecule of hydrogen chloride (HCl), how many electrons should be shown in areas 1, 2 and 3?

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2. What holds ions together?

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3. If a substance has a simple molecular structure, what physical state might it be at room temperature?

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4. What is needed to complete this diagram to show the ionic bonding in magnesium chloride, MgCl₂ ?

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5. Explain why Silica, SiO₂ is a solid with a high melting point

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6. Give the definition of a covalent bond

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7. Explain, in terms of structure and bonding, why magnesium oxide has a higher melting point than sodium chloride

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8. Do ionic substances conduct electricity?

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9. Describe the formation of a covalent bond

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10. Do larger molecules have higher or lower boiling points than smaller molecules?

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11. Typically, do covalent substances conduct electricity?

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12. Explain, in terms of its structure, why graphite can act as a lubricant.

Question 12 of 12