Alkanes & Crude Oil quiz

1. How does sulfur dioxide form in car engines?

The metals the car is made from contain some impurities of sulfur and when the engine heats up, some sulfur dioxide is formed

Petrol includes the impurity sulfur, and when the petrol combusts some sulfur dioxide is formed

When the petrol combusts the sulfur dioxide impurities are left behind

Acid rain causes some sulfur impurities to get into the car engine, and when the petrol combusts some sulfur dioxide is formed

Question 1 of 22

2. Recall a use of bitumen

Fuel for aeroplanes

Fuel for lorries

Fuel for ships

Surfacing roads

Question 2 of 22

3. What is a fuel?

A fuel is a liquid used in electrolysis

A fuel is a substance that is used to power vehicles

A fuel is a substance that contains chemical energy

A fuel is a substance that, when burned, releases heat energy

Question 3 of 22

4. A student names this molecule 2-ethylpentane. Which of these statements is true about the student's naming of the molecule?

The student is wrong. The correct name is 3-methylhexane.

The student is correct and deserves a tuck-shop voucher.

The student is wrong. The correct name is 4-methylhexane.

The student is wrong. The correct name is 1-methyl-1-ethylbutane.

Question 4 of 22

5. If a substance has a simple molecular structure, what physical state might it be at room temperature?

Solid or liquid

Solid

Any state

Gas or liquid

Question 5 of 22

6. Recall the products of the complete combustion of alkanes

Carbon dioxide and water

Water and oxygen

Carbon and water

Carbon monoxide and water

Question 6 of 22

7. Explain the term hydrocarbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule containing only hydrogen and carbon

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that comes from crude oil

A hydrocarbon is a molecule that is in a homologous series

A hydrocarbon is an organic molecule

Question 7 of 22

8. Why is the boiling point of a larger molecule higher than that of a smaller molecule?

Larger molecules have more attractions between them. These take less energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have fewer attractions between them. These take more energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have more attractions between them. These take more energy to overcome.

Larger molecules have fewer attractions between them. These take less energy to overcome.

Question 8 of 22

9. What is meant by the term viscosity?

The viscosity of a fluid is how easily it evaporates. Refinery gases evaporate easily, they have low viscosities

The viscosity of a fluid is how easily it evaporates. Refinery gases evaporate easily, they have high viscosities

The viscosity of a fluid describes how easily it flows. Water has a high viscosity, it flows very easily. Crude oil has a lower viscosity than water, it does not flow very easily.

The viscosity of a fluid describes how easily it flows. Water has a low viscosity, it flows very easily. Crude oil has a higher viscosity than water, it does not flow very easily.

Question 9 of 22

10. Explain how crude oil is separated into fractions

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature rises. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Larger molecules condense high up in the tower. Smaller molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Crude oil is separated by fractional distillation. Crude oil is heated and the oil evaporates. It then goes into the tower. As the vapours rise up the tower the temperature falls. Different sized fractions condense at different heights because they have different boiling points. Smaller molecules condense high up in the tower. Larger molecules condense low down in the tower. Then the fractions are collected.

Question 10 of 22

11. Name the greenhouse gas released from burning hydrocabons

methane

carbon dioxide

water vapour

soot

Question 11 of 22

12. Explain the term saturated

A molecule that will not react with anything

A molecule that is poisonous

A molecule that is usually a solid at room temperature

A molecule containing only single bonds

Question 12 of 22

13. Balance the following equation: WO₃ + H₂ → W + H₂O

2WO₃ + 3H₂ → 2W + 6H₂O

WO₃ + 6H₂ → W + 3H₂O

WO₃ + 3H₂ → W + 3H₂O

WO₃ + 3H₂ → W + 6H₂O

Question 13 of 22

14. Why does incomplete combustion occur?

When the fuel is wet

When there is reduced fuel avaliable

When there is an insufficient supply of water

When there is an insufficient supply of oxygen for complete combustion

Question 14 of 22

15. What is the name of this molecule?

propane

butane

propene

butene

Question 15 of 22

16. Describe how nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide contribute to acid rain

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic solutions

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in lakes and seas to form acidic solutions

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with water in the atmosphere to form acidic particles

Nitrogen oxides created in hot car engines and sulfur dioxide released when fossil fuels are burned combine with each other to form acidic solutions

Question 16 of 22

17. Why can nitrogen react with oxygen in a car engine?

The temperature is very high

The pressure is very high

The metals in the engine act as a catalyst for the reaction

Because the gases are very volatile

Question 17 of 22

18. Explain the term isomerism

Compounds with the same empirical formula but different molecular formulas

Molecules with the same molecular formula but with a different structure

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Solutions with the same ratio of ions but different concentrations

Question 18 of 22

19. Name this molecule

methylbutane

1,1 dimethylpropane

methylpropane

but-2-ene

Question 19 of 22

20. A pupil has tried to write down various ways of representing ethane using: molecular formula, displayed formula, general formula, empirical formula and stuctural formula. However she has missed one out. Which one?

molecular formula

empirical formula

structural formula

general formula

Question 20 of 22

21. What is crude oil?

An oily liquid

A mixture of alcohols

A mixture of alkanes

A mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 21 of 22

22. State the names and molecular formulae of the first 5 alkanes

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), quatane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), propane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), butane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

methane (CH₄), ethane (C₂H₆), tritane (C₃H₈), tetrane (C₄H₁₀), pentane (C₅H₁₂)

Question 22 of 22

Alkanes & Crude Oil quiz

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